Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 Chuyên đề câu điều kiện

1. Cấu trúc câu điều kiện trong Tiếng Anh

Câu điều kiện loại 0

Cách sử dụng: Dùng để diễn tả một sự việc luôn đúng, một chân lý.

Ví dụ: - If you heat the ice, it melts. (Nếu bạn làm nóng băng, nó sẽ tan chảy.)

Đây là một sự thật hiển nhiên, luôn luôn đúng nên ta sẽ sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 0 để nói.

Câu điều kiện loại 1

Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

Ví dụ: - If she comes, I will go with her. (Nếu cô ấy đến, tôi sẽ đi với cô ấy)

Ta hiểu rằng “hiện tại cô ấy vẫn chưa đến”, và ta cũng không biết được rằng cô ấy có đến hay không (hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra).

Vì vậy giả định “nếu cô ấy đến” là một giả định hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra nên ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1.

Câu điều kiện loại 2

Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

Ví dụ: - If they had a lot of money now, they would travel around the world. (Nếu bây giờ họ có nhiều tiền, họ sẽ đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới.)

Ta thấy có thời gian ở hiện tại là “now” (bây giờ) và hiểu rằng “bây giờ họ không có nhiều tiền” nên mới đưa ra câu giả định như vậy. Vì thế ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại II để diễn đạt một giả định về một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại.

CHÚ Ý: Trong câu điều kiện loại II, nếu mệnh đề “if” sử dụng động từ “to be” ở thì quá khứ đơn thì ta chỉ sử dụng “to be” là “were” với tất cả các ngôi.

Ví dụ: - If I were you, I wouldn’t stay at home now. (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ không ở nhà bây giờ.)

Ta thấy chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề “If” là “I” nhưng ta vẫn sử dụng động từ “to be” là “were” vì trong câu điều kiện loại II này “to be” chia quá khứ là “were” với tất cả các chủ ngữ.

Câu điều kiện loại 3

Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc trái với sự thật trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ: - If she had told me the truth yesterday, I would have helped her. (Nếu cô ấy nói với tôi sự thật ngày hôm qua, tôi đã giúp cô ấy rồi.)

Xem thêm: Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh

2. Bài tập câu điều kiện thi vào 10

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form

1. If I (find) ______ a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight

2. If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I ____ (climb) the tree

3. Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I ____ (have) a car, I would drive

4. He might get rid of his cough if he _____ (not smoke) so much

5. She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she _____ (not be) sent to prison

6. The job is much worse than I expected. If I ____ (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it

7. Provided you remember the password, you __ (be) in no danger.

8. I will lend you my radio as long as you _____ (bring) it back before Sunday

9. We would have gone to the talk if we _____ (know) about it

10. I ____ (buy) those shoes if I were you.

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:

1. If I had free time, I _____ some shopping with you

A. did
B. will do
C. would do
D. would have done

2. Unless she ____, she will be late for school

A. hurried
B. hurries
C. will hurry
D. is hurrying

3. I would have given him this present, if I ___ him

A. had meet
B. had met
C. meet
D. met

4. Will you be angry if I ___ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole
B. have stolen
C. were to steal
D. steal

5. If he ____ the truth, the police wouldn’t have arrest him

A. tells
B. told
C. had told
D. would tell

6. If you press that button, what ______?

A. would happen
B. would have happened
C. will happen
D. happen

7. If my mother ____ me up, I will catch the bus

A. doesn’t pick
B. didn’t take
C. not pick
D. hadn’t picked

8. If the weather is nice, I ____ for a walk

A. will go
B. go
C. would go
D. would have gone

9. ____________, the accident would not have happened yesterday

A. If Nam drives more carefully
B. If had Nam driven more carefully
C. Had Nam driven more carefully
D. Unless Nam had driven more carefully

10. I’d give up my job if I ____ a big prize in a lottery

A. win
B. won
C. had won
D. would won

Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same

1. What would you do if you found some buried treasure?

If you were ______________

2. Working so much will make you tired

If you __________________

3. We didn’t visit the museum because we hadn’t time

We would ______________

4. Without you, I would have given up years ago

If it ___________________

5. We didn’t go by air only because we hadn’t enough money

If we __________________

6. If by any chance you find my wallet, could you let me know?

If you should ____________

7. I regret not studying hard last term

If only _________________

8. He didn’t work hard at school, so he didn’t get a good job when he left

If _____________________

9. People don’t do enough exercise, so there is a lot of heart disease

If people _______________

10. Children have bad teeth because they eat too many sweets

Children would have better teeth if ______________

Exercise 4: Underline the correct words.

If it rains/ will rain tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic.

1. Will you write to me if I give/ will give you my email address?

2. If we win / will win this match, we’ll be in the finals.

3. If the new Bond film comes / will come to our cinema, I go / ‘ll go and see it.

4. How does / will Sandy get back tonight if she can’t find a taxi?

5. I am / will be surprised if this film gets / will get an award.

6. Do you / Will you make dinner tonight if I do / will do the shopping?

7. If I hear / will hear that song one more time, I scream / will scream!

8. What do they / will they do if they don’t / won’t pass their exams?

 Exercise 5: Match the sentence beginnings with the endings. Write sentences using the first conditional. Use a comma where necessary.

3. Đáp án bài tập câu điều kiện

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form

1. If I (find) __find____ a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight

2. If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I _would climb___ (climb) the tree

3. Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I _had___ (have) a car, I would drive

4. He might get rid of his cough if he __didn’t smoke___ (not smoke) so much

5. She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she __wouldn’t have been___ (not be) sent to prison

6. The job is much worse than I expected. If I _had realized___ (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it

7. Provided you remember the password, you _will be_ (be) in no danger.

8. I will lend you my radio as long as you __bring___ (bring) it back before Sunday

9. We would have gone to the talk if we __had known___ (know) about it

10. I _would buy___ (buy) those shoes if I were you.

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:

Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same

1. If you were to find some buried treasure, what would you do?

2. If you didn’t work so much, you wouldn’t be tired

3. We would have visited the museum if we had had time

4. If it hadn’t been for you, I would have given up years ago

5. If we had had enough money, we would have gone by air

6. If you should find my wallet, could you let me know?

7. If only I had studied hard last tern

8. If he had worked hard at school, he would have got a good job when he left

9. If people did enough exercise, they wouldn’t have/ get heart disease

10. Children would have better teeth if they didn’t eat too many sweets

Exercise 4

1. give

2. win

3. comes; ‘ll go

4. will

5. will be; gets

6. Will you; do

7. hear; will scream

8. will they; don’t

Exercise 5

1. h → We’ll miss the train if we don’t leave now.

2. e → Will you help me with my physics if I help you with your French tomorrow?

3. c → If you tell me that secret, I won’t tell anyone else.

4. g → She’ll fall off her horse in a minute if she doesn’t ride more slowly.

5. b → If you lend me £20, I’ll give it back tomorrow.

6. d → Will you talk to Alex if he’s at the party?

7. f → How long will she stay in California if she goes to the States this summer?

8. a → If the police don’t find his bike soon, he’ll probably buy another one.

4. Một số bài tập tự luyện về câu điều kiện thi vào 10

I. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi

1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there

If ……………………………………………………………….

2. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert

If I ………………………………………………………………...

3. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.

If the children ………………………………………………………..

4. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

If they …………………………………………………………….

5. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..

If Carol ……………………………………………………

6. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

If Rita ………………………………………………………

7. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car

If he ……………………………………………………..

8. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

If the flats …..………………………………………………………..

9. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you

If I …………………………………………………………………….

10. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children

If she ………………………………………………………………….

11. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car

If he ………………………………………………………………….

12. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well

If Peter ………………………………………………………………

13. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.

If Mary ………………………………………………………………

II. Choose the correct answer.

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn't
B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be
D. wasn't

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn't have been
B. would have been
C. wouldn’t be
D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked
B. would ask
C. had been asked
D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done
B. she had done
C. she does
D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole
B. have stolen
C. were to steal
D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn't lied
B. would be / didn't lie
C. will be / don't lie
D. would be / hadn't lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest
B. invested
C. had invested
D. invests

8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise
B. won't advise
C. hadn't advised
D. didn't advise

9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed
B. climb
C. is climbing
D. climbed

10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed
B. could climb
C. is climbi
D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned
B. knew / would have phoned
C. know / can pho
D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells
B. told
C. had told
D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen
B. would have happened
C. will happen
D. happen

14. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop
B. had stopped
C. will stop
D. stopped

15. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform
B. had discovered / would have informed
C. had discovered / could inform
D. discovered / can inform

16. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave
B. go / give
C. had gone / would have given
D. went / would give

17. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered
B. were / would answer
C. were / would have answered
D. had been / would have answered

18. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were
B. had been
C. have been
D. would be

19. If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-looking.

A. will be
B. would be
C. would have been
D. can be

20. If your hair _______ grey now, what ______ you ________?

A. went / would / do
B. goes / would /do
C. had gone / would/do
D. had gone / would have / done

21. If I ________ an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.

A. am
B. have been
C. were
D. had been

22. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

23. What (you / say) ___________ if I offered you a job?

24. The children always (get) ___________ frightened if they watch horror films

25. If it (not be) _____________ for you, I would be late

26. I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be) __________ peace in the world

27. Were I to become president, my first act (be) __________ to help the poor

28. If he (listen) _____________ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here.

29. If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) ____________ tired now.

30. If he (have) _______________free time, he will go swimming.

31. Don’t go out if the wind (be) __________________ strong.

32. If you (heat) ___________ice, it (turn) ___________into water.

III. Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !

1. If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they ____________________ (BRING) him to the hospital.

2. If I ____________________ (BE) you I would pay more attention in class.

3. They ____________________ (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a babysitter.

4. The manager would have fired him if he ____________________ (HAVE) someone else to replace him.

5. I ____________________ (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such stupid questions.

6. If you ____________________ (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in.

7. If I had missed the bus, I ____________________ (TAKE) a taxi.

8. We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it ____________________ (RAIN).

9. I would have helped him if I ____________________ (KNOW) that his condition was so bad.

10. He ____________________ (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so interesting