18 cấu trúc câu Tiếng Anh thường gặp trong bài viết lại câu Viết lại câu tiếng anh

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Viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh là một trong những dạng bài tập trọng tâm thường xuất hiện trong các bài kiểm tra, bài thi học kì. Chính vì vậy 18 cấu trúc viết lại câu dưới đây sẽ giúp các bạn nhanh chóng ghi nhớ công thức để có thể linh hoạt hơn trong việc làm bài tập. Ngoài ra để nâng cao kiến thức tiếng Anh các bạn xem thêm: bài tập về câu điều kiện, bài tập về cấu tạo từ, từ loại trong tiếng Anh.

Cấu trúc viết lại câu được dùng khi nào?

Cấu trúc viết lại câu được sử dụng đa dạng trong nhiều trường hợp dưới đây:

Bạn muốn chuyển câu từ dạng chủ động sang câu bị động.

• Bạn muốn chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp.
• Sử dụng trong trường hợp đảo ngữ.
• Khi muốn dùng sang dạng khác của những từ ngữ có trong câu.
• Cần sử dụng cấu trúc hoặc công thức mới trong tiếng Anh.

Các cấu trúc viết lại câu

1. S + began/started + to V/ V-ing + time ago (nhận dạng cấu trúc: began/ started to V/ Ving: bắt đầu làm gì)

Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since … Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago

=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.

2. S + last + Ved + time+ ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì

=> S + have/ has +not+ for + time

=> It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved.

=> The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago. Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.

=> It hasn’t snowed for 2 weeks

=> It’s 2 weeks since it last snowed.

=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.

3. This is the first time + S +have/has+P2: Lần đầu làm gì

=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ before

=> S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before

Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him

=> I have never met him before.

=> I haven’t met him before.

4. This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ N) S +have/has+P2

=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N

=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ+ N than this

This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.

=> I have never read such an interesting novel.

=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this (one/ novel)

Cấu trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh hoạt.

5. S + Be/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá....để cho ai làm gì...

Ví dụ:

- The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.

- He ran too fast for me to follow.

6. S + Be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...

Ví dụ:

- The top shelf is so high that the children can not reach it.

- He ran so fast that I could not follow him.

Notes: Trong cấu trúc So… that: vế sau that là mệnh đề mới nên cần có thêm O sau V nên ta có reach it và follow him, trong khi đó ở cấu trúc “too” thì không, các em hết sức lưu ý.

Còn cấu trúc S + Be/V + so + many/much/little/few +N + that + S + V + O.

Ví dụ:

She has so much work to do that she can not go out with me tonight.

She has so many things to do that she can not go out with me tonight

7. It + Be/V + such + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V +O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...

Ví dụ:

- It is such a high top shelf that the children can not reach it.

- He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him

8. S + Be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...

Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu “too” để dùng tạo câu mới.

Ví dụ:

She is too young to get married.

=> She isn’t old enough to get married.

9. It’s adj (for Sb) to do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào?

=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)

=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth

Ví dụ:

It’s difficult for me to wake up early in the morning.

=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me.

=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult.

=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning. (với N) I find English interesting to study.

Ví dụ:

It’s cool to try your best for what you want.

=> Trying your best for what you want is cool. I find it cool to try your best for what you want.

10. S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V Or If I were you,…

=> It’s time for sb to do sth

=> It’s (high/ about) time S+ did sth. (thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách “sao tới bây giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?”)

Ví dụ:

You’d better go right now.

=> It’s time for you to go now.

=> It’s time you went now.

11. Although/ Though/ Even though + clause (S+V)

=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund (Ving)

=> Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V,….

Ví dụ: Although they don’t have money, they still live happily.

=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily.

=> In spite of the fact that they don’t have money, they still live happily.

12. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V (chỉ mục đích)

=> S + V + to + V

Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination.

=> She studies hard to pass the final examination

13. There’s no point in Ving: không đáng, không có ích khi làm gì?

=> It’s no good/ no use Ving

=> It’s not worth Ving

Ví dụ: There’s no point in arguing.

=> It’s no good/ no use arguing

=> It’s not worth arguing

14. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu gián tiếp

- Đề nghị: Suggest

Shall we+ V..../Let's+ V.../How/What about+ Ving..../Why dont we + V ..

=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.

Ví dụ: "Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy.

=> The boy suggested going out for a walk

- Gợi ý cho người khác: “Why don’t you+ Vo?

=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V Ví dụ: “Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her

=> He suggested that she should have a rest.

- Cáo buộc : S accused Sb of doing sth

“You stole the money on the table”, she said to him

=> She accused him of stealing the money on the table.

- Thừa nhận hoặc phủ nhận

S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2. He said “Yes, I did”

=> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table He said: “ No, I didn’t”

=> He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table

- Lời khuyên (should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you.../ Why don’t you)

S + advised sb + (not) to V

“If I were you, I would save some money ” she said

=> She advised me to save some money.

“You shouldn’t believe him” Jane said to Peter.

=> Jane advised Peter not to believe him.

- Câu mời (Would you like......?) S+ offered Sb Sth

S+ offered to do Sth S + invited sb+ to V

Would you like a cup of coffee, Peter?” I said.

=> I offered Peter a cup of coffee.

“Would you like me to clean the house for you?” he said.

=> He offered to clean the house for me.

“Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?” he said.

=> He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.

- Dặn dò: S + remember + to do Sth

=> S + don’t forget + to do Sth

=> S remind Sb to do Sth

He told me: “Don’t forget to come here on time tomorrow”.

=> He reminded me to come there on time the next day.

She said to all of us: “Remember to submit the report by this Thursday”

=> She reminded all of us to submit the report by that Thursday.

- Cảm ơn: Thank Sb for Ving/ N

“Thank you for helping me finish this project “ he said to us.

=> He thanked us for helping him finish that project. “ Thank you for this lovely present.” I said to him.

=> I thanked him for that lovely present.

- Xin lỗi: S apologized to sb for Ving

“Sorry, I broke your vase” he said to his mother.

=> He apologized to his mother for breaking her vase

- Khen ngợi: S congratulated Sb on Ving “Congratulations! You won the first prize” he said to me.

=> He congratulated me on winning the first prize.

- Đe dọa: S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V : đe doạ (ai) làm gì He said " I will kill you if you don’t do that "-

=> He threatened to kill me if I didn’t do that

15. Chú ý đến các dạng cấu trúc trong câu điều kiện

- Unless = If not.

If you don’t have a visa, you can not come to America

=> Unless you have a visa, you can not come to America

- Đảo ngữ trong điều kiện loại 1: Should+ S+ V

+ Loại 2: Were S+ Adj/N / to V

+ Loại 3: Had+ S+ (not) P2

You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty.

=> Should there be any difficulty, ring this number.

16. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến so sánh:

Sự chuyển đổi từ cấu trúc ngang bằng - so sánh hơn - so sánh hơn nhất: Ví dụ: Sally is the tallest girl in her class

=> No one in Sally’s class is as tall as her.

=> No one in Sally’s class is taller than her.

- Cấu trúc tăng tiến cấp độ: The 8-year-old bride movie is more and more interesting.

- Cấu trúc càng… càng: The older he is, the less he wants to travel.

17. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến bị động

- Have Sb do sth => have Sth done

Ví dụ: We get him to look after our house when we are on business.

=> We get our house looked after (by him) when we are on business

- Make Sb do sth-> Sb be made to do Sth The teacher made the students work hard.

=> The students were made to work hard.

- People say S+ V

=> It be said that S+ V

=> S be said to V/ to have P2

Ví dụ: People say that he drinks a lot of wine.

=> It is said that he drinks a lot of wine.

=> He is said to drink a lot of wine.

18. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu đảo ngữ.

- Never will I speak to him again.

- No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.

- Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.

- Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.

- Not until I asked a passer-by did I know where I was = It was not until I asked a passer-by that I knew where I was.

- Around the corner is the hospital.

Bài tập viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

1. “ Why don’t you put better lock on the door, Barbara”? said John

=> John suggested………………

2. Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.

=> Despite his………………

3. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before.

=> This is the first…………………

4. The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.

=> Plans……………………………

5. It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday

=> You……………………

6. “ How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist.

=> The journalist wanted to know…………

7. It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away.

=> The meat was…………………

8. It is essential that Professor Van Helsing is met at the airport.

=> Professor Van Helsing…………………

9. You can’t visit the USA unless you have a visa.

=> If you……………………

10. “ Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet”? asked Peter.

=> Peter asked if……………

11. She started working as a secretary five years ago.

=> She has……………………

12. She knows a lot more about it than I do.

=> I don’t know…………………

13. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.

=> My French friend isn’t…………

14. They think the owner of the house is abroad.

=> The owner………………

15. We didn’t go on holiday because we did not have enough money.

=> If we……………………………

16. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.

=> The sea was too……………

17. The mechanic serviced my car last week.

=> I……………………………..

18. I’m always nervous when I travel by air.

=> Traveling…………………

19. He couldn’t afford to buy the car.

=> The car………………………

20. “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked.

=> He suggested………………

21. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.

=> In spite of…………………

22. I’m sorry I missed your birthday party.

=> I wish…………………….

23. They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.

=> The streets…………….

24. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.

=> Apple are not……………….

25. I advice you to put your money in the bank.

=> You’d……………………

26. That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.

=> It is such…………………

27. I’ll pick the children up if you like.

=> Would you…………………

28. He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late.

=> He was annoyed………………………….

29. Tom is the most industrious pupil.

=> No other pupil……………..

30. She isn’t accustomed to life in London

=> She’s not used to…………………..

31. “Don’t forget to phone the office,” she told him.

=> She reminded……………….

32. I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you.

=> I wish…………………….

33. The police has just released John.

=> John…………………….

34. I couldn’t hear them because they were speaking too softly.

=> They were speaking………

35. We spent 5 hours getting to London.

=> It took……..

36. I get to work in 20 minutes.

=> It ………………

37. It is necessary that this work be finished by Monday.

=> This work……..

38. It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice.

=> I wish……………

39. The bread is so tale we can’t eat it.

=> The bread isn’t……….

40. Who does this bag belong to?

=> Whose……..

41. My boyfriend is very short-tempered.

=> My boyfriend loses……….

42. You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out.

=> No matter…….. ………………

43. If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home.

=> Get………………………………

44. How have you been getting on with your enquiries?

=> How much…………

45. I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it.

=> I needn’t………

46. The trains couldn’t run because of the snow.

=> The snow……………………………

47. I didn’t arrived in time to see him.

=> I wasn’t early………………………

48. I’m sorry I was rude to you yesterday.

=> I apologize…………………

49. She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train.

=> If………………………

50. Barbara is the best tennis-player in the club.

=> No one……………………

51. I haven’t seen that man here before.

=> It’s……………………………

52. The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.

=> The furniture was too…………

53. The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money.

=> The bank manager………………

54. Tom learned to drive when he was nineteen.

=> Tom has…………………………

55. She had never been so unhappy before.

=> She was unhappier……………

56. It was so late that nothing could be done.

=> It was too……………………

57. He left school and then joined the army.

=> After …………………………

58. The leak was repaired by the plumber this morning.

=> The plumber ………………

59.This flower is very beautiful!

=> How ………………………

60. Somebody stole his watch yesterday.

=> His watch ……………

61. The last time she had a swim was five years ago.

=> She hasn’t …………………

62. I asked the hotel porter to wake me at 8 o’clock the following morning.

=> “Please………………………

63. They’ll have to change the date of the meeting again.

The date………………………

64. The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.

We are going …………………

65. The bus take s longer than the train.

The train………………………

66. John has not had his hair cut for over six months.

It is………………………………

67. Maria says she’d like to have been put in a higher class.

Maria wishes…………………………..

68. Would you like me to finish the work tonight?

I’ll………………………………

69. You may get hungry on the train, so take some sandwiches.

In…………………………………

70. My husband didn’t leave the car keys, so I couldn’t pick him up at the station.

If my husband……………………

71. “I don’t think John will come”, said Bill

Bill doubted………………………………

72. The postman was bitten by our dog.

Our dog………………………………

73. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.

The fog prevented……………………

74. Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car.

In spite……………………

75. The cake was so hard so I couldn’t cat it.

It was………………………………

76. We didn’t go because it rained.

If it hadn’t………………………..

77. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.

My mother…………………

78. I don’t suppose you have change for a pound, do you?

Do you happen………………

79. He failed to win the race.

He didn’t………………………

80. Mary rang hours and hour ago.

It’s hours…………………

81. I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.

I wish…………………………

82. She asked Michael how she liked her new dress.

“How………………………………

83. A train leaves at 8 o’clock every morning.

There is……………………………

84. Nobody can deny that she has a beautiful voice.

It…………………………………

85. I would like you t help me to put the chairs away.

Do you mind………………………

86. The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor.

Unless……………………………

87. He would prefer you to pay him immediately.

He’d rather………………………

88. The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it.

The water was not………………

89. Somebody repaired her car yesterday.

She…………………………………

90. You must see the manager tomorrow morning.

You’ve………………………………

91. There was never any answers when we rang.

=> Every………………………………

92. That’s an insulting name to use for him.

=> Don’t call…………………………

93. John asked if it was the blue one or the green she wanted.

=> Which…………………………

94. She liked Paris very little, and Rome less.

=> She thought Rome………………

95. I can meet you if you arrive before eleven.

=> So…………………………………

96. They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight.

=> All the prisoners…………………

97. I’ve warned you not go to near that dog.

=> I’ve warned you about…………

98. No, please don’t tell him.

=> I’d rather………………………

99. Why don’t asked her yourself?

=> I suggest………………………

100. The last time I went to Ho Chi Minh City was ten years ago.

=> It ……………………………

101. Although he was very tired, he tried to help me with my homework.

=> Tired as ……………………

102. The car is too expensive. I can't afford it.

=> It was ………………………

103. It's the first time I've been to New York

I haven't……………………

104. "You damaged my camera", said Hung to his sister.

Hung accused………………

105. We didn't have any holidays until this summer.

It was not ……………………

100. If you hadn't studied hard, you would have failed the exam.

Had ………………………………………………

101. Lan is pretty but Mai is prettier.

Mai is the ……………………………………

102. This is the best film I've ever seen.

I've ……………………………………….

103. My school has over 800 students.

There are ………………………………………….

104. People say that that plane crashed into the mountains

That plane ………………………………

105. She tries to learn English well so as to communicate with foreigners.

She tries to learn English well with …………………………

106. I started teaching English three years ago.

I have ………………………………………..

107. No one in my class is more intelligent than Lan.

Lan ……………………………

108. This exercise was very difficult. We couldn't do it.

This exercise was so……………………………………….

109. But for your help, I couldn't have passed the exam.

Had……………………………………….

110. "When will you come back, Nga?"

I asked……………………………………….

111. No one has bought this house.

This house……………………………………….

112. She didn't take an umbrella so she got wet.

She wouldn't……………………………………….

113. It was a mistake for him to buy that house.

He shouldn't……………………………………….

114. Although Nam was very tired, he tried to finish his work.

However……………………………………….

115. We couldn't go camping because of the storm.

The storm……………………………………….

116. It's ages since I last talked to him.

I have……………………………………….

117. The book was so interesting that we couldn't put it down.

It was……………………………………….

118. He said to me "Don't stay up late."

He told me……………………………………….

119. The damage was so great that it would cost millions of dollars to repair.

Such……………………………………….

120. She didn't graduate from university until 1980.

It was not……………………………………….

121. The hotel didn't come up to our expectations.

The hotel fell……………………………………….

122. Mr Hung is the most intelligent person I've ever known.

I have never……………………………………….

123. The only way you can become a good English speaker is by practising English every day.

Only by……………………………………….

124. "It certainly wasn't me who stole your bag!" said Lan

Lan denied……………………………………….

125. I'm sorry that I didn't come there yesterday.

I wish……………………………………….

126. If I am not busy, I will do some shopping with you.

Unless……………………………………….

127. "If I were you, I wouldn't do that." He said

He advised_……………………………………….

128. "Shall I carry your suitcase, Lan?"said Nam.

Nam offered……………………………………….

129. "Yes, all right, I'll share the food with you, Quang"

Nga agreed_……………………………………….

130. "Can you remember to buy some vegetables, Mary?"

Peter reminded……………………………………….

131. "Don't stand there, the man said to his son.

The man ordered……………………………………….

132. "I'm sorry I'm late, said Ha

Ha apologized……………………………………….

133. "Shall we go somewhere for a cup of coffee?" Mary said.

Mary suggested_……………………………………….

134. Hung said to Nga, "Why don't you take an umbrella?"

Hung suggested_……………………………………….

135. "Would you like another cup of tea?" the lady said to the guest.

The lady invited……………………………………….

136. Lan said to her brother, "I didn't use your phone."

Lan denied……………………………………….

137. “ You won the first prize. Congratulation!” Mai told me

Mai congratulated ………………………………

138. “You cheated in the final exam” said The teacher to Trang

The teacher accused……………………………………….

139. “It was kind of you to help me with my homework”Lan said to Hoa.

Lan thanks……………………………………….

140. She was sentenced to six months in prison for her part in the robbery.

She received……………………………………….

141. He is too short to play basketball.

He is not ……………………………………….

142. If you want my advice, I would sell this house.

If I ……………………………………….

143. I would prefer you to do your homework.

I would rather ……………………………………….

144. This city is inaccessible in winter due to heavy snows.

Heavy snows makes ……………………………………….

Đáp án bài tập viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

1. John suggested that Barry should put a better lock on the door.

2. Despite his both broken legs, he managed to………………. .

3.This is time I have eaten this kind of food.

4. Plans for an extension to the house have been drawn by the architect./ Plans have been drawn for an extension by the architect.

5. You don’t have to finish by Saturday.

6. The journalist wanted to know how many survivors there were./ The number of the survivors there were.

7. The meat was so rotten that it had to be thrown away.

8. …….must be met at the airport.

9. ..don’t have a visa you can’t …………

10. ……..if he could borrow Janet’s typewriter.

11. ….been working as a ……..for 5 years.

12. ………..so much about it as she does.

13…………….used to driving on the left.

14…………of the house is thought to be abroad.

15. If we had enough money we would have gone on holiday.

16. ……..was too rough for the children to …………….

17. I got / had my car serviced by the mechanic last week. / I got the mechanic to service my car last week./ I had the mechanic service my car last week.

18. ………by air always makes me ……..

19. ……..was too expensive for him to buy

20. …….that I (should) put my ……………

21. In spite of having / his/ earning a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.

22. I wish I had gone to your birthday party./ I hadn’t missed your birthday party.

23………….haven’t been cleaned this week

24………usually as expensive as ……….

25.You’d better put your money in the bank

26…………..a dirty restaurant that no one wants to eat there.

27. Would you like me to pick the children up? / mind if I pick up the children?

28. He was annoyed at / about his secretary coming late to work. / because his secretary came to work late.

29……………….pupil is as industrious as Tom.

30. She’s not used to living / life in London.

31. She reminded him to phone the office.

32. I wish I had (got) time to listen to you.

33. John has just been released by the police.

...............

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